Rwanda

Literature on Gender

African Rights

1995a
Rwanda, Not so innocent, When women become killers, African Rights Publication, London.
1995b
Rwanda, Death, despair and defiance, African Rights Publication, London.
2003
Gacaca justice, A shared responsibility, African Rights Publication, Kigali.
2004a
Rwanda, Broken bodies, torn spirits, Living with genocide, rape and HIV/AIDS, African Rights Publication, London/Kigali.
2004b
Women taking a lead, Progress towards empowerment and gender equality in Rwanda, Discussion Paper no. 12, African Rights, Kigali.

Amnesty International (AI)

1998
Rwanda, The hidden violence, AFR 47/023/98, Amnesty Publications, New York.
2004
Rwanda, ‘Marked for death’, Rape survivors living with HIV/AIDS in Rwanda, AI Index, AFR 47, London.

Askin, Kelly

1999
Sexual violence in decisions and indictments of the Yugoslav and Rwandan tribunals, Current Status, in: The American Journal of International Law, vol. 39, no. 1, S.97-123.

Baines, Erin

2003a
Body politics and the Rwandan crisis, in: Third World Quarterly, vol. 24, no. 3, S.479-493.
2003b
Rwanda and the politics of the body, Working Paper no. 39, Centre for International Relations, University of British Columbia, Vanocover.
2005a
Les femmes aux mille bras, Buildung peace in Rwanda, in: Mazurana, Dylan / Raven-Roberts, Angela / Parpart, Jane (eds.): Gender, conflict, and peacekeeping, Rowman and Littlefield, Boulder, S.220-230.
2005b
Gender research in violently divided societies, Methods and ethics of ‘international’ researchers in Rwanda, in: Allen, Tim (ed.): In searching for cool ground, War, flight and homecoming in Northeast Africa, James Currey, London, S.141-155.

Burnet, Ariane

2003
Culture, practice and law, Women’s access to land in Rwanda, in: Wanyeki, Muthoni (ed.): Women and land in Africa, Culture, religion and realizing women’s rights in Africa, Zed Books, London, S.176-206.

Burnet, Ariane / Helal, Solon Isabelle

1998
Monitoring the prosecution of gender-related crimes in Rwanda, A brief field report, in: Peace and Conflict, vol. 4, no. 4, S.393-397.

El-Bushra, Judy / El-Karib, Asha / Hadjipateras, Angela

2002
Gender sensitive programme design and planning in conflict affected situations, Research Report, Annex 6 Rwanda, written by Josepha Nyirankundabera, ACORD, London.

El-Bushra, Judy / Mukarubuga, Cecile

1995
Women, war and transition, in: Gender and Development, vol. 3, no. 3, S.16-22.

De Smedt, J.

1998
Child marriage in Rwandan refugee camps, in: Africa, vol. 68, pp.211-237.

Feliciati, Clara Chapdelaine

2006
Restorative justice for the girl child in post-conflict Rwanda, in: Journal of International Women’s Studies, vol. 7, S.14-35.

Flanders, Laura

2000
Rwanda’s living casualities, in: Barstrow, Anne Llewellyn (ed.): War’s dirty secrets, Rape, prostitution and other crimes against women, The Pilgrim Press, Cleaveland, S.95-100.

Gervais, Myriam

2003
Human security and reconstruction efforts in Rwanda, Impact on the lives of women, in: Development in Practice, vol. 13, no. 5, S.542-551.

Hamilton, Heather

2000
Rwanda’s women, The key to reconstruction, in: Journal of Humanitarian Assistance, 10. Mai 2000, 15 pages. www.jha.ac/greatlakes/b001.htm

Hartmann, Markus

2004
Der lange Schatten des Krieges, in: AI Journal, Nr. 6, S.10-11.

Hentz, Jennifer

2005
The impact of HIV on the rape crisis in the African Great Lakes Region, in: Human Rights Brief, vol. 12, no. 2, S.12-15.

Hickey, Breeda

1996
Women and conflicts: The challenges, the future for women in Ruanda, in: Lieshout, Mary Van (Hg.): A woman’s workd, Beyound the headlines, Attic Press, Dublin, pp.65-71.

Hilsum, Lindsey

1996
Unter den Frauen sind Opfer und Täterinnen, in: Der Überblick, 1, S.22-24.

Hitimana, Claudine

1996
Schrei nach Solidarität, Frauen in Ruanda, in: Frauensolidarität, Nr. 1, S.11.

Human Rights Watch

2000
Rwanda, Women speak, in: Barstow, Anne Llewyn (ed.): War’s dirty secret, Rape, prostition, and other crimes against women, The Pilgrim Press, Cleaveland, S.93-100.
2004
Struggling to survive, Barriers to justice for rape victims in Rwanda, Human Rights Watch Publication, vol. 16, no. 10 (A), New York.

International Alert / Forum des Femmes Parlementaires du Rwanda

1997
Capacity-Building Workshop for Women in Decision Making in Rwanda, International Alert, London.

Inyumba, Aloisea

1996
Ohne Gerechtigkeit keine Zukunft! Ruanda nach dem Krieg, in: Frauensolidarität, Nr. 1, S.8-9.

Inyumba, Aloisea

1996
Ohne Gerechtigkeit keine Zukunft! Ruanda nach dem Krieg, in: Frauensolidarität, Nr. 1, S.8-9.

Jackson, Dorothey

2003
Twa women, Twa rights in the Great Lakes Region of Africa, Minority Rights Group International, Report, 4, London.

Jefremovas, Villia

1991
Loose women, virtuous wives, and the timid virgins, Gender and the control of resources in Rwanda, in: Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 25, no. 3, S.378-395.

Jones, Adam

2004
Gender and genocide in Rwanda, in: Jones, Adam: Gendercide and genocide, Vanderbilt University Press, Nashville, S.98-136.

Jones, Adam

2004
Gender and genocide in Rwanda, in: Jones, Adam: Gendercide and genocide, Vanderbilt University Press, Nashville, S.98-130.

Krüger, Karen

2004
Die Vergewaltigung von Tutsi-Frauen im rwandischen Genozid 1994, in: Feministische Studien, Heft 2, S.277-290.

McNairn, Rosemarie

2005
Building capacity to resolve conflict in communities, Oxfam experience in Rwanda, in: Sweetman, Carol (ed.): Gender, peace building and reconstruction, Oxfam Publications, Oxford, S.84-93.

Mukamana, Donatilla / Collins, Anthony

2006
Rape survivors of the Rwandan genocide, in: Critical Psychology, International Journal of Critical Psychology, Issue 17: Critical Psychology in Africa, S.140-166.

Nduwimana, Francoise

2004
The right to survive, Sexual violence, women and HIV/AIDS, Publication of the International Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Development, Montreal.

Newbury, Catherine / Baldwin, Hannah

2001
Profile Rwanda, in: Kumar, Krishna (ed.): Women and civil war - Impact, organisations, and action, Lynne Rienner, Boulder, S.27-38.
2001
Confronting the aftermath of conflict, Women’s organisations in postgenocide Rwanda, in: Kumar, Krishna (ed.): Women and civil war - Impact, organisations, and action, Lynne Rienner, Boulder, S.97-128.

Nowrojee, Binaifer

1996
Scattered lives: Sexual violence during the Rwanda genocide and its aftermath, Human Rights Watch, New York.

Nowrojee, Binaifer / Regan, Ralph

1988
Juctice for women victims of violence, Rwanda after the 1994 genocide, in: Amadiume, Ifi / An-Nai’im, Abdullahi (eds.): The politics of memory, Truth, healing and social justice, Zed Books, London, S.162-175.
2005
‘Your justice is too slow’, Will the ICTR fail Rwanda’s rape victims? UNRISD, Occasional Papers, no. 10, UNRISD Publications, Geneva.
2007
‘Your justice is too slow’, Will the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda fail Rwanda’s rape victims?, in: Pankhurst, Donna (ed.): Gendered peace, Women’s struggles for post-war justice and reconciliation, Routledge, London, S.107-136.

Nyirankundabera, Josephina

2002
Gender sensitive programme design and planning in conflict-affected situations, Annex 6: Complementary studies, Rwanda, ACORD Publications, London.

Palmery, Ingrid

2005
Engendering wartime conflict: Women and war trauma, Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, Johannesburg.
2006a
Violence against women, in: Conflict Trends, 1, S.51-54.

Pillay, Navanethem

2000
Violence against women – State sponsored violence, in: Femina Politica, Nr. 1, S.65-76.
2001
Sexual violence in times of conflict, The jurisprudence of the international criminal tribunal for Rwanda, in: Chesterman, Simon (ed.): Civilians in war, Lynne Rienner, Boulder, S.167-176.

Randell, V.

2002
Sexual violence and genocide against Tutsi women, Propaganda and sexual violence in Rwandan genocide, An arguemnt for intersectionality in international law, in: Columbia Human Rights Law Review, vol. 33, no. 3, S.733-776.

Richter-Lyonette, Elenor

1996
Ein Heim auf den Hügeln, Wiederaufbau in Ruanda, in: Frauensolidarität, Nr. 1, S.10.
1997
Women after the genocide in Rwanda, in: Richter-Lyonette, Elenor (ed.): In the aftermath of rape, Women’s rights, war crimes and genocide, The Co-ordination of Women’s Advocacy, Givrins, S.105-110.

Rombouts, Heidy

2006
Women and reparations in Rwanda, A long path to travel, in: Rubio-Marin, Ruth (ed.): What happened to the women? Gender and reparations for human rights violations, Publication of the Social Science Research Council, New York, S.194-245.

Rose, Laurel

2004
Women’s land access in post-conflict Rwanda, Bridging the gap between customary land law and pending land legislation, in: Texas Journal of Women and the Law, 13, 1, S.346-351.
2005
Orphans’ land rights in post-war Rwanda, The problem of guardianship, in: Development and Change, vol. 36, no. 5, S.911-936.
2007
Land and genocide, Exploring the connections with Rwanda’s prisoners and prison officials, in: Journal of Genocide Research, vol. 9, no. 1, S.49-69.

Rubio-Marín, Ruth ed.

2006
What happened to the women? Gender and reparations for human rights violations, Social Science Research Council, New York.

Seewald, Magda

2006
Gender und bewaffnete Konflikte, Ruanda, Internetrecherche/Desk Studie, Wiener Institut für Entwicklungsfragen und Zusammenarbeit, Wien.

Sommers, Marc

2006
Fearing Africa’s young men, The case of Rwanda, Social Development Papers, Conflict Prevention and Reconstruction, CPR Paper no. 32, The World Bank, Washington D.C.

Stensrud, Ellen / Husby, Gorill

2005
Resolution 1325, From rhetoric to practice, A report on women`s role in reconciliation process in the Great Lakes of Africa, PRIO Report, Oslo.

Taylor, Christopher

1990
Condoms and cosmology, The ‘fractal’ person and sex risk in Rwanda, in: Social Science and Medicine, vol. 31, no. 9, S.1023-1028.
1992
Milk, honey, and money, Changing concepts in Rwandan healing, Smithonian Institution Press, Washington D.C.

Twagiramariya, Clotilde / Trushen, Meredeth

1998
‘Favours to give’ and ‘consenting victims’, The sexual politics of survival in Rwanda, What women do in wartimes, in: Turshen, Meredeth / Twagiramariya (eds.): What women do in wartime, Gender and conflict in Africa, Zed Books, London, S.101-117.

UNHCR/UNESCO

2001
Best practices in peace-building and non-violent conflict resolution, Some documented African women’s peace initiatives, UNHCR/UNESCO Publications, Geneva/Paris.

UNIFEM

2002
Report of the learning oriented assessment of gender mainstreaming and women’s empowerment in Rwanda, UNIFEM, New York.

United Nations – Economic and Social Council

1998
Report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, Ms. Radhika Coomaraswamy, Addendum, Report of the mission to Rwanda on the issues of violence against women in situations of armed conflict, E/CN.4/1998/54/Add.1, New York.

WCRWC (Women’s Commisson for Refugee Women and Children)

2000
‘A struggle a man cannot do alone’, Report, Women’s Commisson for Refugee Women and Children, New York
2001
You cannot dance if you cannot stand, A review of the Rwanda women’s initiative and the UNHCR’s commitment to gender equality in post-conflict situations, Publication of the Women’s Commisson for Refugee Women and Children, New York.

Women for Women International

2004
Women taking a road ahead, Progress towards empowerment and gender equality in Rwanda, Women for Women International, Washington D.C.

Background Information

Adelman, Howard / Suhrke, Astri

1996
Feilschen, während Ruanda brennt, Warum hat das Konfliktmanagement der Staatengemeinschaft versagt, in: Der Überblick, 1, S.7-11.

Adelman, Howard / Suhrke, Astri (eds.)

2000
The path of a genocide, The Rwanda crisis from Uganda to Zaire, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick.

African Rights

1995a
Rwanda, Not so innocent, When women become killers, African Rights Publication, London.
1995b
Rwanda, Death, despair and defiance, African Rights Publication, London.
2003
Gacaca justice, A shared responsibility, African Rights Publication, Kigali.
2004a
Rwanda, Broken bodies, torn spirits, Living with genocide, rape and HIV/AIDS, African Rights Publication, London/Kigali.
2004b
Women taking a lead, Progress towards empowerment and gender equality in Rwanda, Discussion Paper no. 12, African Rights, Kigali.

Akankwasa, R. R.

2000
What can schools contribute? The challenge of ethnic conflict and national integration in the Republic of Rwanda, in: East African Journal of Peace and Human Rights, vol. 6, no. 2, S.180-201.

Akhavan, Payam

1997
Justice and reconciliation in the Great Lakes Region of Africa, The contribution of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, in: Duke Journal of Comparative and International Law, vol. 7, no. 2, S.325-348.

Allen, Tim

1999
War, genocide and aid, in: Elwert, Georg / Feuchtwang, Stephan / Neubert, Dieter (eds.): Dynamics of violence, Processes of escalation and de-escalation in violent group conflicts, Dunker and Humblot, Berlin, S.195-201.

Alusala, Nelson

2005
Disarmament and reconciliation, Rwanda’s concerns, ISS Paper, no. 108, Institute of Security Studies, Pretoria.

Amnesty International (AI)

1998
Rwanda, The hidden violence, AFR 47/023/98, Amnesty Publications, New York.
2004
Rwanda, ‘Marked for death’, Rape survivors living with HIV/AIDS in Rwanda, AI Index, AFR 47, London.

Ansoms, An

2005
Resurrection after civil war and genocide, Growth, poverty and inequality in post-conflict Rwanda, in: The European Journal of Development Research, vol. 17, no. 3, S.495-508.

Ansoms, An / Marysee, Stefaan

2005
The evaluation and characteristics of poverty and inequality in Rwanda, in: Marysse, Stefan / Reyntjens, Filip (eds.): The political economy of the Great Lakes Region in Africa, The pitfalls of enforced democracy and globalization, Palgrave MacMillan, Houndsmills, Basingstoke, S.71-100.

Asche, Helmut

1995
Rwanda, Die Produktion eines ethnischen Dramas, IAK Diskussionsbeiträge Nr. 4, Institut für Afrika-Kunde, Hamburg.

Askin, Kelly

1999
Sexual violence in decisions and indictments of the Yugoslav and Rwandan tribunals, Current Status, in: The American Journal of International Law, vol. 39, no. 1, S.97-123.

Astroff, Robert / Meren, David

2005
Short-term gain, long-term pain, An assessment of United Nations Capter VII activities in Central Africa, in: Mychajlyszyn, Natalie / Shaw, Timothy (eds.): Twisting arms and flexing muscles, Humanitarian intervention and peace-making in perspective, Ashgate Publishers, Aldershot, S.59-71.

Bah, Alhaji

2007
The making of the Rwandan genocide and the future protection of civilians in Africa, in: Laband, John (ed.): Daily lives of civilians in wartime Africa, Greenwood Press, Westport, S.253-286.

Baines, Erin

2003a
Body politics and the Rwandan crisis, in: Third World Quarterly, vol. 24, no. 3, S.479-493.
2003b
Rwanda and the politics of the body, Working Paper no. 39, Centre for International Relations, University of British Columbia, Vanocover.
2005a
Les femmes aux mille bras, Buildung peace in Rwanda, in: Mazurana, Dylan / Raven-Roberts, Angela / Parpart, Jane (eds.): Gender, conflict, and peacekeeping, Rowman and Littlefield, Boulder, S.220-230.
2005b
Gender research in violently divided societies, Methods and ethics of ‘international’ researchers in Rwanda, in: Allen, Tim (ed.): In searching for cool ground, War, flight and homecoming in Northeast Africa, James Currey, London, S.141-155.

Barnett, Michael

1997
The UN Security Council, indifference and genocide in Rwanda, in: Current Anthropology, vol. 12, no. 4, S.551-578.
2002
Eyewitness to a genocide, The United Nations and Rwanda, Cornell University Press, Ithaca.

Bhavnani, Ravi

2006
Ethnic norms and interethnic violence: Accounting for mass participation in the Rwandan genocide, in: Journal of Peace Research, 43, S.651-669.

Brandstetter, Anna-Maria

1989
Herrscher über tausend Hügel, Zentralisierungsprozesse in Rwanda im 19. Jahrhundert, Pö A Pö Press, Mainz.
2001
Die Rhetorik von Reinheit, Gewalt und Gemeinschaft, Bürgerkrieg und Genozid in Rwanda, in: Sociologus, 51.Jahrgang, Heft 1 und 2, S.148-184.
2004
Erinnern und Trauern. Über Genozidgedenkstätten in Ruanda, in: Speitkamp. Winfried (Hg.): Kommunikationsräume – Erinnerungsräume, Beiträge zur transkulturellen Begegnung in Afrika, Martin Meidenbauer Verlag, München, S. 301-332.
2005
Erinnerung, Politik und Genozid in Ruanda, in: Kößler, Reinhart / Kumitz, Daniel / Schultz, Ulrike (Hg.): Gesellschaftstheorie und Provokation der Moderne, Westfälisches Dampfboot, Münster, 139-152.

Burnet, Ariane

2003
Culture, practice and law, Women’s access to land in Rwanda, in: Wanyeki, Muthoni (ed.): Women and land in Africa, Culture, religion and realizing women’s rights in Africa, Zed Books, London, S.176-206.

Burnet, Ariane / Helal, Solon Isabelle

1998
Monitoring the prosecution of gender-related crimes in Rwanda, A brief field report, in: Peace and Conflict, vol. 4, no. 4, S.393-397.

Buruchara, A. / Sperling, Robin et al.

2002
The role of research institutions in seed-related disaster relief: Seeds of hope, Experiences in Rwanda, in: Disasters, vol. 26, no.4, S.288–301.

Buckley-Zistel, Susanne

2005
Truth heals’? Gacaca jurisdictions and the consolidation of peace in Rwanda, in: Die Friedenswarte, 80, 1-2, S.1-17.
2006a
Dividing and uniting, The use of citizenship discourses in conflict and reconsiliation in Rwanda, in: Global Society, vol. 20, no. 1, S.101-113.
2006b
Remembering to forget, Chosen amnesia as a strategy for local co-existence in post-genocide Rwanda, in: Africa, vol. 76, no. 2, S.131-150.
2007
Frieden entwickeln? Eine kritische Analyse der Strategien der internationalen Gebergemeinschaft zur Friedenskonsolidierung in Ruanda, in: S+F, Vierteljahreszeitschrift für Sicherheit und Frieden, 2, S.77-81.

Calließ, Jörg (Hrsg.)

2005
Zehn Jahre danach, Völkermord in Ruanda, Loccumer Protokolle 11/04, Evangelische Akademie Loccum, Loccum.

Cantrell, Philipp

2007
The Anglican Church of Rwanda, Domestic agendas and international linkages, in: Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 45, no. 3, S.333-354.

Chalk, Frank

1996
Ein Verbrechen des Gehorsams, Ruanda – ein besonderes Kapitel in der Geschichte des Völkermords, in: Der Überblick, 1, S.14-17.

Chossudovsky, Michel

1999
Human security and economic genocide in Rwanda, in: Thomas, Caroline / Wilkin, Peter (eds.): Globalization, human security, and the African experience, Lynne Rienner, Bouler, S.117-127.

Chrétien, Jean-Pierre

2003
The Great Lakes of Africa, Two thousand years of history, Zone Books, New York.

Clapham, Christopher

1998
Rwanda, The perils of peacemaking, in: Journal of Peace Research, vol. 35, no. 2, S.193-210.

Clarance, W.

1995
The human rights field operation in Rwanda, Protective practice evolves on the ground, in: International Peacekeeping, 2, 3, S.291-308.

Clay, Daniel / McAllister, Jim

1991
Family development cycle, social class, and inequality in Rwanda, in: Rural Sociology, vol. 56, no. 1, S.22-40.

Coomaraswamy, Radhika

1998
Report of the mission to Rwanda on the issues of violence against women in situations of armed conflict, Addendum, E/CN.4/1998/54/Add1., 4.2.1998, Geneva/New York.

Corey, Allison /Joireman, Sandra

2004
Retributive justice, The gacaca courts in Rwanda, in: African Affairs, vol. 103, no. 410, S.73-90.

Crétien, Jean-Pierre

1996
Rwanda, Kann der ethnische Reinheitswahn überwunden werden? in : Meyns, Peter (Hrg.): Staat und Gesellschaft in Afrika, Erosions- und Reformprozesse, Lit-Verlag, Hamburg.

Dallaire, Roméo / Beardsley, Brent

2003
Shake hands with the devil, The failure of humanity in Rwanda, Carroll and Graf Publishers, New York.

Debiel, Tobias

2003
UN-Friedensoptionen in Afrika, Weltinnenpolitik und die Realität von Bürgerkriegen, Dietz Verlag Nachfolger, Bonn.

De Lame, Danielle

2004
Mighty secrets, public commensality and the crisis of transparancy, Rwanda through the looking glass, in: Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 38, no. 2, S.279-317.
2005
A hill among thousand, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Brussels.

De Smedt, Johan

1998
Child marriage in Rwandan refugee camps, in: Africa, vol. 68, S.211-237.

Des Forges, Alison

1986
‘The drum is greater than the shout’, The 1912 rebellion in Northern Rwanda, in: Crummey, Donald (ed.): Banditry, rebellion and social protest in Africa, James Currey, London/Oxford, S.311-332.
1996
Making noise effectively, Lessons from the Rwandan catastrophe, in: Rotberg, Robert (ed.): Vigilance and vengeance, NGOs preventing ethnic conflict in divided societies, Brookings Institution Press, Washington D.C., S.213-234.
1999
Leave no one to tell the story, Genocide in Rwanda, Human Rights Watch Publications, New York, Washington D.C.

De Lame, Danielle

2004
Mighty secrets, public commensality, and the crisis of transparency, Rwanda through the looking glass, in: Canadian Journal of African Studies, vol. 38, no. 2, S.279-317.
2005
A hill among thousand, Transformations and ruptures in rural Rwanda, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison.

Dorsey, Michael

2000
Violence and power building in post-genocide Rwanda, in: Doom, Ruddy / Gorus, Jan (eds.): Politics of identity and economics of conflict in the Great Lakes Region, VUB University Press, Brussels, S.311-347.

Dowden, Richard

2004
Comment, The Rwandan genocide, How the press missed the story, A memoir, in: African Affairs, 103, S.283-290.

Du Preez, Peter

1997
In search of genocide, A comparision of Rwanda and South Africa, in: Peace and Conflict, Journal of Peace Psychology, vol. 3, no. 3, S.245-259.

Edgerton, Robert

2002
Africa’s armies, From honour to infamy, A history from 1791 to the present, Westview Press, Boulder.

El-Bushra, Judy / El-Karib, Asha / Hadjipateras, Angela

2002
Gender sensitive programme design and planning in conflict affected situations, Research Report, Annex 6 Rwanda, written by Josepha Nyirankundabera, ACORD, London.

El-Bushra, Judy / Mukarubuga, Cecile

1995
Women, war and transition, in: Gender and Development, vol. 3, no. 3, S.16-22.

Eltringham, Nigel

2004
Accounting for horror, Post-genocide debates in Rwanda, Pluto Press, London.
2006
Debating the Rwandan genocide, in: Kaarsholm, Preben (ed.): Violence, political culture and development in Africa, James Currey, Oxford, S.66-91.

Eltringham, Nigel / van Hoywehen, Saskia

2000
Power and identity in post-genocide Rwanda, in: Doom, Ruddy / Gorus, Jan (eds.): Politics of identity and economics of conflict in the Great Lakes Region, VUB University Press, Brussels, S.215-239.

Erdemann, Arne / Raschdorff, Pierrot / Schürings, Hildegard

2004
Agacaca, Eine ruandische Rechtstradition gegen die „Kultur der Straflosigkeit“, in: Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspolitik, 7, S.31-32.

Feliciati, Clara Chapdelaine

2006
Restorative justice for the girl child in post-conflict Rwanda, in: Journal of International Women’s Studies, vol. 7, S.14-35.

Fink, Jason Benjamin

2005
Deontological retributivism and the legal practice of international jurisprudence, The case of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, in. Journal of African Law, vol. 49, no. 2, S.101-131.

Fisiy, Cyprien

1998
Of journeys and border crossings, The return of refugees, identity, and reconstruction in Rwanda, in: African Studies Review, vol. 41, no. 1, S.17-28.

Flanders, Laura

2000
Rwanda’s living casualities, in: Barstrow, Anne Llewellyn (ed.): War’s dirty secrets, Rape, prostitution and other crimes against women, The Pilgrim Press, Cleaveland, S.95-100.

Fletcher, Luke

2007
Turning interahamwe, Individual and community choices in the Rwandan genocide, in: Journal of Genocide Research, vol. 9, no. 1, S.25-48.

Furley, Oliver

1998
Rwanda and Burundi, Peacekeeping admist massacres, in: Furley, Oliver / May, Roy (eds.): Peacekeeping in Africa, Ashgate Publishers, Aldershot, S.239-262.

Gasana, Emmanuel / Jean-Bosco, Butera et al.

1999
Rwanda, in: Adedeji, Adebayo (ed.): Comprehending and mastering African conflicts, The search for sustainable peace and good governance, Zed Books, London, S.141-187.

Geltman, Paul / Stover, Eric

1997
Genocide and the plight of children in Rwanda, in: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), 277, 4, S.289-295.

Gervais, Myriam

2003
Human security and reconstruction efforts in Rwanda, Impact on the lives of women, in: Development in Practice, vol. 13, no. 5, S.542-551.

Glanville, Luke

2006
Rwanda reconsidered, A study of norm violation, in: Journal of Contemporary African Studies, vol. 24, no. 2, S.185-202.

Gorus, Jan

2000
The state as an instrument of ethnicity, Ethnic construction and political violence in Rwanda, in: Doom, Ruddy / Gorus, Jan (eds.): Politics of identity and economics of conflict in the Great Lakes Region, VUB University Press, Brussels, S.175-187.

Gourevitch, Philip

1998
We wish to inform you that tomorrow we will be killed with our families, Stories from Rwanda, Farrar, Straus and Giroux Publishers, New York.

Graybill, Lyn

2005
Ten years after, Rwanda tries reconciliation, in: Current History, vol. 103, no. 673, S.202-206.

Hamilton, Heather

2000
Rwanda’s women, The key to reconstruction, in: Journal of Humanitarian Assistance, 2000.

Hankel, Gerd

2007
An der Realität vorbei, Ruanda, dreizehn Jahre nach dem Völkermord, in: Der Überblick, Nr. 1-2, S.78-87.

Harding, Leonard

2004
Der Weg zum Völkermord, Versuch einer historischen Verortung, in: Calließ, Jörn (Hrsg.): Zehn Jahre danach, Völkermord in Ruanda, Loccumer Protokolle, 11/04, Evangelische Akademie Loccum, Loccum, S.15-38.

Harding, Leonard (Hg.)

1998
Ruanda, der Weg zum Völkermord, Vorgeschichte, Verlauf, Deutung, Hamburg.

Harrow, Kenneth

2005
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UN peacekeeping in Rwanda, in: Sorbo, Gunnar / Vale, Peter (eds.): Out of conflict, From war to peace in Africa, Nordic Africa Institute / Chr. Michelsen Institute, Uppsala / Bergen, S.97-113.
1999
Three phases of prevention, A retrospective analysis of the Rwandan genocide, in: Engel, Ulf / Mehler, Andreas (Hrsg.): Gewaltsame Konflikte und ihre Prävention, Hintergründe, Analysen und Strategien für die entwicklungspolitische Praxis, Arbeiten aus dem Institut für Afrikakunde, 100, Hamburg, S.25-40.

Taylor, Christopher

1990
Condoms and cosmology, The ‘fractal’ person and sex risk in Rwanda, in: Social Science and Medicine, vol. 31, no. 9, S.1023-1028.
1992
Milk, honey, and money, Changing concepts in Rwandan healing, Smithonian Institution Press, Washington D.C.
2001
Sacrifice as terror, The Rwanda genocide of 1994, Berg Publishers, New York.
2003
Kings and chaos in Rwanda, the order of disorder, in: Anthropos, 98, S.41-58.
2004a
Kings or presidents? War and the state in pre- and post-genocidal Rwanda, in: Kapferer, Bruce (ed.): State, sovereignty, war, Civil violence in emerging global realities, Berghahn Books, Oxford, S.125-136.
2004b
Deadly images, King sacrifice, President Habyarimana, and the iconography of pregenocidal Rwandan political literature, in: Whitehead, Neil (ed.): Violence, James Currey, Oxford, S.97-106.

Thompson, Allan (ed.)

2007
The media and the Rwanda genocide, Pluto Press, London.
Twagiramariya, Clotilde / Trushen, Meredeth
1998
‘Favours to give’ and ‘consenting victims’, The sexual politics of survival in Rwanda, What women do in wartimes, in: Turshen, Meredeth / Twagiramariya (eds.): What women do in wartime, Gender and conflict in Africa, Zed Books, London, S.101-117.

UNHCR/UNESCO

2001
Best practices in peace-building and non-violent conflict resolution, Some documented African women’s peace initiatives, UNHCR/UNESCO Publications, Geneva/Paris.

UNIFEM

2002
Report of the learning oriented assessment of gender mainstreaming and women’s empowerment in Rwanda, UNIFEM, New York.

United Nations – Economic and Social Council

1998
Report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, Ms. Radhika Coomaraswamy, Addendum, Report of the mission to Rwanda on the issues of violence against women in situations of armed conflict, E/CN.4/1998/54/Add.1, New York.

Uvin, Peter

1997
Prejudice, Crisis and genocide in Rwanda, in: African Studies Review, vol. 40. no. 2, S.91-115.
1998
Aiding violence, The development enterprise in Rwanda, Kumarian Press, West Hartford.
1999
Ethnicity and power in Burundi and Rwanda, Different paths to mass violence, in: Comparative Politics, 31, S.253-272.
2001a
Reading the Rwandan genocide, in: International Studies Review, vol. 3, no. 3, S.75-99.
2001b
Difficult choises in the new post-conflict agenda, The international community in Rwanda after the genocide, in: Third World Quarterly, vol. 22, no. 2, S.177-189.
2002
On counting, categorizing, and violence in Burundi and Rwanda, in: Kertzer, David / Arel, Dominique (eds.): Census and identity, The politics of race, ethnicity and language in national censuses, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, S.148-175.
2003
Western and global approaches to justice in Rwanda, in: Global Governance, vol. 9, no. 2, S.219-231.

Vaccaro, Matthew

1997
The politics of genocide, Peacekeeping and disaster relief in Rwanda, in: Curch, William (ed.): UN peacekeeping and the uncivil wars of the 1990s, MacMillan Publishers, Basingstoke/Houndsmills.

Van Hoyweghen, Saskia

1996
The disintegration of the Catholic Church of Rwanda, A study of the fragmentation of political and religious authority, in: African Affairs, 95, S.379-401.
1999
The urgency of land and agrarian reform in Rwanda, in: African Affairs, 98, no. 392, S.353-372.

Vandeginste, Stef

2003
Rwanda, Dealing with genocide and crime against humanity in the context of armed conflict and failed political transition, in: Biggar, Nigel (ed.): Burying the past, Making peace and doing justice after civil conflict, Georgetown University Press, Washington D.C., S.251-285.

Vandeginste, Stef / Huyse, Luc

2005
Consociational democracy for Rwanda?, in: Marysse, Stefan / Reyntjens, Filip (eds.): The political economy of the Great Lakes Region in Africa, The pitfalls of enforced democracy and globalization, Palgrave MacMillan, Houndsmills, Basingstoke, S.101-122.

Vansina, Jan

2004
Antecedents to modern Rwanda, The Nyiginya kingdom, James Currey, Oxford.

Veale, Angela et al.

2003
Street children and political violence, A socio-demographic analysis of street-children in Rwanda, in: Child Abuse and Neglect, 27, S.253-269.

Verwimp, Philip

2006
Machets and firearms, The organization of massacres in Rwanda, in: Journal of Peace Research, 43, S.5-22.

Villa-Vicencio, Charles / Nantulya, P. /Savage, T. (eds.)

2007
Building nations, Transitional justice in the African Great Lakes Region, Institute for Justice and Reconciliation, Cape Town.

Wagner, Michele

1996
Schlichtung braucht politischen Freiraum, Können traditionelle Rechtsverfahren Ruandas Justiz entlasten? in: Der Überblick, Nr. 1, S.56-61.
1998
All the Bourgmestre’s men, Making sense of genocide in Rwanda, in: Africa Today, 45, 1, S.25-35.

WCRWC (Women’s Commisson for Refugee Women and Children)

2000
‘A struggle a man cannot do alone’, Report, Women’s Commisson for Refugee Women and Children, New York
2001
You cannot dance if you cannot stand, A review of the Rwanda women’s initiative and the UNHCR’s commitment to gender equality in post-conflict situations, Publication of the Women’s Commisson for Refugee Women and Children, New York.

Women for Women International

2004
Women taking a road ahead, Progress towards empowerment and gender equality in Rwanda, Women for Women International, Washington D.C.

Webster, J.B. / Ogot, B.A. / Chrétien, J.-P.

1992
The Great Lakes Region, 1500-1800, in: Ogot, B.A. (ed.): General history of Africa, vol. V: Africa from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, UNESCO Publication, Paris, S.776-827.

Wegemund, Regina

2002
Nationale Aussöhnung in Ruanda, Chancen und Bedrohung, in: Internationales Afrikaforum, 38, 4, S.363-373.

Werchick, Leah

2001
Prospects for justice in Rwanda’s citizen tribunals, in: Human Rights Brief, vol. 8, no. 3, S.15-28.

Whitman, Jim / Pocock, David (eds.)

1996
After Rwanda, The coordination of the United Nations humanitarian assistance, MacMillan Publishers, Houndsmills/Basingstoke.

Wyss, Kathrin

2006
A thousand hills for nine million people, Land reform in Rwanda, Restoring the feudal order or genuine transformation, FAST Country Risk Profile, Swiss Peace Foundation, Berne.

Ziemke, Jennifer

2006
Intimate enemy: Images and voices of the Rwandan genocide, in: Journal of Peace Research, vol. 43, S.754-755

Zorbas, Eugenia

2004
Reconciliation in post-conflict Rwanda, in: African Journal of Legal Studies, vol. 1, S.29-52.

Belletristik und (Auto)biographien

Brunold, Georg / König, Andrea / Ulutuncok, Guenay (Hrsg.)

2004
Ruanda, Zehn Jahre seit dem Genozid, Reportagen und Analysen, Schmidt von Schwind Verlag, Köln.

Hatzfeld, Jean

2004
Nur das nackte Leben, Berichte aus den Sümpfen Ruandas, Verlagsgruppe Haland & Wirth/Psychosozial-Verlag, Gießen.
2004
Zeit der Macheten, Gespräche mit den Tätern des Völkermordes in Ruanda, Verlagsgruppe Haland & Wirth/Psychosozial-Verlag, Gießen.

Kayitesi, Annick

2005
Wie Phönix aus der Asche, ich überlebte das Massaker in Ruanda, Heyne Verlag, München.

Mujawayo, Esther / Belhaddad, Souad

2005
Ein Leben mehr, Zehn Jahre nach dem Völkermord in Rwanda, Peter Hammer Verlag, Wuppertal.
2007
Auf der Suche nach Stéphanie, Peter Hammer Verlag, Wuppertal

Musayidire, Eugenie

1999
Mein Stein spricht, Horlemann Verlag, Bad Honnef.

Rusesabagina, Paul / Zoellner, Tom

2006
Ein gewöhnlicher Mensch, die wahre Geschichte hinter ‚Hotel Ruanda’, Berlin Verlag, Berlin.

Tadjo, Véronique

2001
Der Schatten Gottes, Reise ans Ende Ruandas, Peter Hammer Verlag, Wuppertal.

Umutesi, Marie Béatrice

2004
Surviving the slaughter, The ordeal of a Rwandan refugee in Zaire, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison.

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